While the MOVES emission model used in project-level air quality analyses can be used to estimate emissions for any road grade, it has not been validated for non-zero road grades against field data for both driving cycles (second-by-second speeds) and emissions, which goes against good science and due diligence. It may also lead to problems clearing projects in the future that have higher road grades. The proposed research would review available field data from studies reported in the literature that collected driving cycle/speed, road grade and emission data to test (or spot check) the modeled emission factors for positive road grades. To the extent permitted by the available data, the analysis will address both light- and heavy-duty vehicles and the pollutants typically assessed in air quality analyses for NEPA, namely particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), which is the priority given EPA’s focus on it as reflected in their recent substantial reduction to the national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) for this pollutant, and carbon monoxide (CO). As funding permits and data are available, other pollutants also may be included, e.g., greenhouse gases (GHGs). Any identified deficiencies in the model can then be addressed in future updates.