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Committee of 100 v. Foxx
Project Description:
This case involved the proposed replacement of the Virginia Avenue Tunnel, a 111–year–old rail tunnel that runs for under the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington, DC. The tunnel is a link in the freight rail network that serves the Mid-Atlantic region. Because of its age, the tunnel has several limitations: it is not wide enough to accommodate two parallel sets of tracks, nor is it tall enough to accommodate double-stacked shipping containers; in addition, trains must travel below their normal speeds through the tunnel due to its earthen floor. Because the project involved temporary closure of ramps to an Interstate highway, it required approval of FHWA. Together with the District of Columbia Department of Transportation (DDOT), FHWA prepared an EIS for the project. FHWA and DDOT issued a Draft EIS in July 2013 and Final EIS in June 2014; FHWA issued a ROD approving the project in November 2014. Before and during the NEPA process, DDOT entered into a series of agreements with the project sponsor, CSX, outlining various ways in which DDOT would support the development of the project.
2015 WL 6406397
2015 WL 6406397
U.S. District Court – Washington DC
10/22/2015
Virginia Avenue Tunnel
Rail
Case Summary
The plaintiffs, a non-profit organization dedicated to urban planning and historic preservation, filed a lawsuit challenging FHWA’s approval of the project. The lawsuit alleged that FHWA and DDOT had violated NEPA in several ways and sought a preliminary injunction halting construction until the lawsuit could be resolved. On April 7, 2015, the court denied the preliminary injunction, finding that the plaintiffs were unlikely to succeed on the merits of their claims. On May 26, 2015, the court considered the issue of predetermination in more detail, based on additional documents in the administrative record, and re-affirmed its denial of the motion for a preliminary injunction. In this order, issued October 22, 2015, the court denied the plaintiffs’ request to supplement the administrative record. On November 17, 2015, with construction under way, the case was dismissed by agreement of the parties.
Key Holdings
Litigation Procedure Supplementing the Administrative Record. The plaintiff sought to supplement the administrative record compiled by FHWA with five categories of additional documents, most of which involved written communications between the CSX and DDOT. The court rejected this request for two main reasons. First, the plaintiff did not identify “specific, known additional documents” but instead merely identified broad categories of documents that it believed might exist and could possibly support its claim. Second, the plaintiff did not provide any evidence that these additional documents were actually considered by FHWA during the NEPA process. The court held that “Because the Committee can provide no more than speculation that certain classes of unknown documents were considered by the actual FHWA decision-makers, it has not overcome the strong presumption that the agency properly designated the administrative record.” Discovery . The plaintiff also asked the court for permission to take discovery, which would involve document production requests and sworn witness interviews (depositions). The court noted that, in an administrative record case, discovery is not allowed unless the plaintiff makes a “strong showing” that the agency acted in bad faith in its decision-making process. Here, the plaintiffs sought to show bad faith by presenting emails and other documents indicating that certain District of Columbia officials had committed to approve the project before the NEPA process was complete, and that some officials at FHWA and DDOT had expressed misgivings about the effect of those actions on the NEPA process. The court considered those documents, but concluded that they did demonstrate bad faith, so the request for discovery was denied.
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