Air quality project-level analyses (PLAs) that state DOTs are required to prepare for purposes of NEPA and the EPA transportation conformity rule have become more complicated, time-consuming and costly in the past decade or so. Previously, PLAs focused on CO, which could be modeled with relative confidence using the simple-to-apply CAL3QHC model. However, more complicated modeling requirements have since been introduced, including those for PM (2010), which involves the use of the much more complicated dispersion model AERMOD, and ongoing updates to guidance for mobile source air toxic analyses. Indirect effects and cumulative impact analyses are also now being conducted for air quality. This study would review current practices and develop recommendations for best practices with a focus on streamlining.